Excavator



2 SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model.)

R. R. OSGOOD.

EXQAVATOR.

No. 388,910. Patented Sept. 4, 1888.

It FEYERS. Pbuioljthographer Washvr-glo O (I (No Model.)

2 SheetsSheet 2.

R. R. oseoon.

EXGAVATOR.'

Patented Sept. 4', 1888.

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RALPH R. OSGOOD, OF ALBANY, NFAV YORK.

EXCAVATOR.

.EPBCIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,910, dated September 4, 1888.

Application filed November 10, 1887. Serial No. 254,775. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, RALPH R. Oseoon, of Albany, county of Albany, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Excavators, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention relates to excavators or steamshovels; and it has for its object the production of a simple, cheap, compact, durable, and efficient machine of few and simple parts, wherein the power required for hoisting the load and that for driving the dipper into the bank to take its load will be applied to best advantage and without unnecessary loss or waste, wherein all the movements may be easily controlled by one man, and which will possess other advantages in matters of construction and operation.

To accomplish all of this my improvements involve certain new and useful arrangements or combinations of parts and principles of op eration, as will be herein first fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, I have shown at Figure 1 a plan view, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, illustrating the main features of a machine constructed and arranged for operation in accordance with my invention and involving myiinproveinents. Fig. 3 is a plan, and Fig. 4 a similar view, on a larger scale than previous figures, showing the dipper, dippenhandle, and universal joint, by which the same may be united with the car or platform. Fig. 5 is a plan of a fragment, showing valve-rod leading back from valve-chest on pressure-cylinder of dipper-handle to a convenient point on platform or car.

In all these figures like letters of reference wherever they occur indicate corresponding parts.

A is the platform, on which the machinery is mounted and from which it may be operated. This is preferably mounted on wheels or trucks, and may be the platform of an ordinary platfornrcar arranged for running upon tracks or rails.

B B are pressure-cylindcrs located and secured upon the platform. These are simple cylinders, and they may receive steam directly from any form of steam-boiler, as G, or they may receive water or air or other liquid or fluid under pressure. They are preferably of such length that the stroke of pistons therein will be great enough to afford the desired extent of movement of the hoisting or operating chains.

D D are piston-rods connected with pistons within cylinders B B.

E E are two chains or cables connected each at one end to piston-rods D, leading thence between guide-sheaves 'at F F upon the platform in line with the cylinders B, thence over guide-sheaves, as a a, sustained by a swinging support or boom, G, and thence to and connected with the dipper. These chains operate as hoisting'chains and also as swingingchains for swinging the dipper, and as means for tilting the dipper to discharge or receive its load. The boom G is suitably hinged or pivoted at bottom, so that its outer end may swing from side to side.

His the dipper, pivoted in a yoke, I, at the end of a piston-rod, J.

K is the back of the dipper secured on or in the yokeLand immovable with respect thereto.

L is a pressurecylinder, within which is a piston connected with piston rod J. This cylinder is mounted upon the forward end of the car or platform, and, together with the pistonrod J and yoke I, forms the dipperhandle. The joint or connection with the forward end of the car is some form of universal joint, so that the outer end of the dipper-handle may rise and fall. The form of joint shown is preferred. A cylindrical piece or block, b, receives a collar, 0, upon which the end of cylinder L is trunnioned. This affords all the desired movements and is simple, strong, and durable. The cylinder L, like those B B, may receive any liquid or fluid under pressure. For conveying steam or liquid thereto a convenient means will be a pipe, as d, passing up through the central block or piece, I), leading thence to valve-chest on the cylinder through a flexible or universal union, as indicated by the flexible section of pipe 0.

The dipper is so hung in its yoke and connected with the hoisting-chains that when the chains are moved together and with equal or nearly equal power it will maintain the position shown in Fig. 4, the stationary back closing the rear end of the dipper. By slacking on one chain slightly and drawing on the other the outer end of the boom, and therefore the dipper, will be swung to one side or the other, as'for dumping the load or returning the dipper to its working position.

To tilt the dipper, one of the chains is slackened sufficiently, when the weight ofthe dipper, or dipper and load,will permit the dipper to tilt on its hearings in the yoke. This carries the rear end of the dipper down past the stationary back and the load is discharged. The discharging may be regulated so as to be as gradual as may be required.

Stops, as s 8, upon the dipper are employed to abut against the yoke to arrest the dipper at the proper point. Another stop, as it, may be used to abut against the stationary back. To force the dipper into the bank to take its load, the pressure-cylinder L and its rod are employed. The stroke of this piston-rod may be only enough to drive the dipper sufficiently far into the bank. The dipper may likewise be drawn back toward the dipper-handle hinge by same means, the dipper being closed, and at the proper point is powerfully driven into the bank by admitting the pressure fluid or liquid to the cylinder L. Successive strokes may be applied, as the condition of the material may require. The work then to be performed by the hoisting-chains is to raise the.

dipper and its load. The sheaves a are located above the dipper and at such position that the pull of the hoisting-chains will be in a direction to effect the hoisting without back-pressure on the dipper-handle, and not to pull or drag the dipper through or over the bank, as is required in previous constructions and arrangements.

Atf f are pipes leading from the valvechests on cylinders B B to conduct the pressure fluid or liquid to either'side of the pistons. This construction is cheap and simple and obviates the formation of ports in the cylinders.

At 9 are exhaust-pipes,which may lead back to the smoke-stack, if desired.

At h h are levers connected with the several valve-rods. These may be located at a convenient point on the platform, all within reach of the operator, so that the hoisting, swinging, filling, and all the movements of the machine may be readily controlled by one man. 1

A lug on each side of the dipper, as at i, may bear against'the ends of the yoke to receive the thrust from the yoke when the dipper is being driven into the bank. The stationary back bearing against the rear edge of the dipper also transmits its thrust to the dipper.

The construction and arrangement indicated is cheap, simple, compact, and durable, the working powers are applied to best advantage,all the movements of the machine are under control of one man, waste ofpower is obviated,complicated machinery dispensed with, and the load taken, moved,and delivered with rapidity and certainty, and all this Without employment of any gear or revolving shaft.

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to pivot pressure'cylinders at the rear of a platform and to connect thecylinders so pivoted with a dipper, and to swing the whole by turning the platform, and to raise the load by application of power at apoint far removed from the dipper.

I am aware,also,that it has been proposed to tilt the dipper by direct application of a steamactuated piston.

I make no claim to any such constructions.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letter Patent, is-

1. In an excavator, the two main cylinders, hoisting and swinging chains connected with pistons at one end running between guidingsheaves, thence over sheaves on end of swinging boom, thence to scoop-dipper, these parts being combined and arranged substantially as explained.

2. In an excavator, a dipper-handle mounted on universaljoint on ear ,said handle composed of a cylinder and piston-rod, a dipper hinged in a yoke on end of piston-rod and sustained by hoisting-chains running on sheaves on a 3. In an excavator, a dipper having a sta-.

tionary back or door, said dipper being hinged on end of a dipper-handle and connected with two chains arranged to move independently or simultaneously to tilt the dipper or to hoist or lower it, these parts being combined for the purposes set forth.

4:. In an excavator, a seoop-dipperhaving a stationary back or door, said dipper being hinged in a yoke on end of a dipper-handle and provided with stops to hold it in proper place while being filled,and combined with the operatingchains for hoisting, swinging, and tilting the dipper, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a dipper mountedin a yoke or bail on the end of a piston-rod, a pressure-cylinder carrying said piston-rod and hinged at or near the front of the platform,

and the operating-chains connected with the;

dipper and arranged to hoist, to swing, andto tilt the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In an excavator, the combination of pressure-cylinders having pistons connected with chains for raising and lowering the dipper, and a dipper-handle hinged at front and composed of apressure-cylinder and piston-rod, thelatter carrying the dipper, substantially as explained 7. In an excavator, a dipper bottom or back made fast to a yoke, said yoke carrying pivots for the tilting dipper and forming part of the dipper-handle, substantially as shown and described. V

8. In an excavator, a dipper-handle com- ITO -posed of a pressure-cylinder and piston-rod, cables for the purpose of dumping the load, as

said handle being hinged at a point on the set forth.

front of the platform, and aswinging support In testimony that I claim the foregoing I or boom for hoisting-chains carrying hoistinghave hereunto set my hand in the presence of 5 chain sheaves located above the dipper, comtwo witnesses.

biiecgsubstantially as explained RALPH R. OSGOOD n an excavator, a. scoop-dipper hinged in ayoke on the end of a piston-rod, and con \Vitnesses:

neeted with the hoisting chains Ol cables and XV. J. MORGAX, [0 arranged to be tilted by the said chains or} WORTH OSGOOD. 

